Experiential Therapies and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Abstract

Abstract Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is widely considered to be a form of emotion regulation. Experiential approaches generally address the here and now rather than the past or the future, and they focus on clients processing emotions and behaviors in the current moment. There are a number of experiential techniques that may be helpful when counseling those who self-injure. Expressive arts activities (e.g., visual arts, music, dance, writing, and drama) may be helpful techniques to use in facilitating experiential awareness when counseling those who self-injure. Additionally, guided imagery is a system of visualization that may be used to promote relaxation and allow clients to imagine a future that does not include NSSI. Experiential therapies that focus on relationships are well suited for NSSI. Emotion-focused therapy addresses insecure attachment patterns and increasing emotional regulation. Accelerated experiential dynamic psychotherapy (AEDP) is helpful in addressing trauma and dissociation; clients mindfully reflect on the present moment and make healthier choices in real time. Enhancing self-compassion in those who use NSSI may also be helpful. Additionally, mindfulness techniques may facilitate emotion regulation and promote acceptance and change. The emotional freedom technique (EFT) blends cognitive therapy, behavioral exposure, and acupressure to help clients reprocess their thoughts and feelings. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach to help clients work toward changing maladaptive thoughts. Resource development and installation (RDI) is a method for clients to recognize adaptive coping mechanisms and put them into practice.