Experiential Physical Education in a Bilingual Japanese University: Implications for Student Physical Activity and Program Development

Abstract

Participation in compulsory physical education (PE) is a controversial aspect of the Japanese university system. English-language education programs in Japanese universities often incorporate aspects of the traditional curricula, including experiential PE. The purpose of the study was to explore the extent to which compulsory PE in a Tokyo-based global university program contributes to overall physical activity (PA) and to elucidate how experiential PE intersects with student beliefs and motivations. The study sample included 199 domestic and international students attending PE courses in a Top Global University in Tokyo, Japan. All students who undertook compulsory PE classes in English were invited to complete an online survey in 2018-19. Survey measures included scores on a valid and reliable iteration of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), self-reports of PA influences, and PA-related health beliefs. Overall PA was high among the cohort, yet there were significant differences based on gender and country of origin, with male and international students reporting higher activity. Most students perceived a positive relationship between PA participation and disease prevention, which reinforced common health motives for activity, particularly weight control and stress reduction. Compulsory and experiential PE within a Japanese global university program potentially contributes to higher PA levels among ethnically diverse undergraduates but should adapt to a more wellness focused curriculum to address behavioral and motivational variations.