Experiences of healthcare staff in managing responsive behaviour of people with dementia in residential care facilities: a qualitative literature review

Abstract

Background/Aims Dementia is a collective term for all conditions that cause damage to the brain. Responsive behaviour is one of the symptoms of dementia trajectory and more than 90% of people with dementia present with responsive behaviour. These behaviours, including aggression and agitation, can adversely affect residents and staff in residential care services. There is a lack of understanding of how staff experience and manage responsive behaviours in residential settings. The aim of this qualitative literature review was to explore the experiences and perceptions of healthcare staff in managing responsive behaviour of residents with dementia in older persons’ residential care services. Methods A systematic search across six databases was performed using the Setting, Perspective, Phenomenon of interest, Comparison, Evaluation framework. Synthesis was guided by ‘best fit’ framework using the Valuing, Individualised, Perspective, Social and psychological environment framework. Results A total of nine articles were included in the review. From the Valuing, Individualised, Perspective, Social and psychological environment framework, the following sub-themes were found: valuing residents and staff; knowing residents through life history; unmet needs; the perspective of institutionalised care practices; emotional distance; the importance of meaningful activities; and a supportive environment. Conclusions The findings identified that access to dementia-specific education and a supportive management structure can help staff manage responsive behaviours of residents with dementia.