Abstract
In the recent decades, there has been widespread the opinion that genetic markers of the suicidal behavior (suicide, suicidal attempts, suicidal thoughts) can be used to predict the suicidal behavior.The purpose of the study was to determine the possibility of using the method of molecular genetic research to assess the risk of suicide in men of 18‒27 years.The study used the case-control method. The control group included 100 men of 18‒27 years who never had mental disorders. The suicide group included the persons who committed highly traumatic methods of self-harm and were motivated to commit suicide (30 persons). DNA isolation was performed using a NucleoSpin Blood kit (Macherey‒Nagel, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Each DNA sample was analyzed for polymorphism by allelic discrimination using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The frequencies of occurrence of genotypes and alleles of the following genes were analyzed: HTR1A, rs6295 (G/C); BDNF, rs6265 (G/A); COMT, rs4680 (G/A); SKA2, rs7208505 (C/T); SLC6A4 (5HTT), rs25531 (T/C); 5HTR2A, rs6313 (G/A); TPH2, rs4570625 (G/T); TPH1, rs1800532 (G/T).A statistically significant difference was found for the frequency of occurrence of genotypes and alleles of the rs25531 polymorphism of the SLC6A4 (5HTT) gene. The chance of being in the suicide group with a heterozygous genotype (T/C) carriage was 2.346 times higher.The significance of the rs25531 polymorphism of the SLC6A4 (5HTT) gene for the formation of the suicidal behavior was confirmed.
Highlights
Genetic studies of suicidal behavior are usually classified according to the severity of the intention to die, the method of committing suicide, its violent or non-violent type, mortality and personality components [1]
In our study analysis of genotypes and alleles of the rs1800532 polymorphism of the TPH1 gene revealed a slight increase in mutant type homozygotes (T/T) in the control group compared to suicide group, but this difference was statistically insignificant (Tab. 3)
When comparing the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of the rs4570625 polymorphism of the TPH2 gene during our study, no statistically significant difference was observed in the control group and the suicide group (Tab. 4)
Summary
Genetic studies of suicidal behavior are usually classified according to the severity of the intention to die, the method of committing suicide, its violent or non-violent type, mortality and personality components (impulsivity, aggressiveness) [1]. Genetic factors associated with pronounced motivation to commit suicide were determined. All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research ethics committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The control group included 30 people who committed highly traumatic methods of self-harm, motivated to commit suicide. Specific polymorphic sites of 9 genes were used as molecular targets. Information on target genes and polymorphic sites is presented in Tab. 1
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