Experience of Sistrunk’s Operation for Paediatric Patients of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst at Multicenter Tertiary Care Hospitals

Abstract

Background: The Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a congenital defect resulting from a persistent thyroglossal tract. It usually exhibits as a painless nodule in the neck midline. In physical evaluation, it moves with swallowing and on tongue protrusion. The physical examination and detailed history are adequate to make an accurate diagnosis preoperatively. Neck ultrasound and Fine needle aspiration cytology are additional valuable diagnostic tools. Though it is a congenital abnormality, it usually appears in the 1st and 2nd decades of life. Sistrunk operation is the treatment of choice for cysts of the thyroglossal duct. Aim: The purpose of this analysis was to govern the age at onset, site of cyst in relation to the hyoid bone, time of thyroglossal duct cysts presentation and to observe postoperative complications of Sistrunk’s operation. Study Design: A Retrospective study. Place and Duration: In different Departments like Paediatric Surgery, Otolaryngology, Faciomaxillary from January 2016 to January 2021. Methods: A total of 76 patients operated in 5 years were included. The study included patients treated with the Sistrunk procedure in whom the presence of the thyroglossal duct was confirmed after clinical examination and ultrasonography. Demographics, age at admission, wound infection, hematoma, abscess, airway injury, seroma, stitch sinus, wound dehiscence and recurrence were observed. Results: There was a slight high prevalence among men. Most of the thyroglossal cysts were seen in the pediatric inhabitants and below the hyoid bone and can recur. Conclusion: Thyroglossal duct cyst is a pediatric disease. The Sistrunk procedure is the treatment of choice for TDC. The risk of serious complications is minimal when the procedure is carried out with certain nuances which we have described. The complications are minor and concerned to the wound. Keywords: Recurrence, Position, Thyroglossal duct cyst and Sistrunk’s operation.