Abstract
To determine and compare prevalence of Gender based Violence (GBV) in public and private secondary schools students and to identify factors associated with experience of GBV by the students. Comparative cross-sectional survey of using a 60 item self-administered questionnaire. Ten public and private secondary schools in Ilorin South Local Government area of Kwara State. 640 students, (320 each) from public and private schools. Main outcome variable: Prevalence and factors influencing experience of physical, sexual and psychological violence. At least one form of GBV was experienced by 89.1% of public and 84.8% private schools students (p=0.32). Psychological violence was commonest type of GBV experienced (Public -72.5% vs. Private -69.2%; p=0.37), while sexual violence was least (Public -41.4% vs. Private -37.4%; p=0.3). Females were less likely to experience physical violence (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.2-0.4) and psychological violence (aOR 0.6; 95%CI 0.4-0.8). Students who were in a relationship and who had history of parental violence were more likely to experience sexual (aOR 1.7; 95%CI 1.2-2.4) and aOR 1.5; 95%CI 1.2-2.2) and psychological (aOR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1-1.5 and aOR 1.3; 95%CI respectively) violence. GBV was a common experience of students in both groups of schools. Multi-disciplinary interventions emphasising ending physical and psychological violence among private school students and sexual violence in public school are recommended. Interventions that involve the parents, school authorities and students on non-violence conflict resolution are urgently required. Parents and students who perpetrate violence should be referred for counselling. Author funded.
Highlights
Violence at school is not a new phenomenon, there has been growing social and scientific concern about this problem in recent years.[1]
Forty six point seven percent of the male respondents were between the ages of 10 and 15 years, compared with 53.3% of the females who were in the same age bracket
Polygamous families were more common among public school students, while monogamous families were more common among the families of the students in private schools (p
Summary
Violence at school is not a new phenomenon, there has been growing social and scientific concern about this problem in recent years.[1] Violence among young people is an important public health issue and a universal problem.[1,2] It contributes significantly to preventable morbidity and mortality for men and women across diverse cultures.[3] efforts to identify risk and protective factors have intensified.[4] A growing number of studies on adolescents suggests that violent behaviour or the intention to use violence is associated with a number of contextual, individual, and situational factors. When exposure to violence in the community, the media and the home is combined with a lack of modelling on non-violent conflict resolution skills within the family, the youth do not learn the skills or perceive the need to avoid the use of violence to resolve conflict.[4,5] the youth grow up learning to become perpetrators and often have experienced multiple episodes of victimization by the time they are adults.[4] www.ghanamedj.org Volume 52 Number 2 June 2018
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