Experience in mixed vascular dementia in the genetic bank of the School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The sporadic forms represent 95% whereas 5% assumes to the familiar forms. Among the genetic factors of Alzheimer’s disease is genotype for APOE variant e4 which is associated to a major risk of suffering the illness. There is a mixed vascular component, that is to say vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease which might be related to the same gene APOE‐e4 in homozygous or heterozygous. To analyze the influence of APOE genotype and the mixed vascular component in the development of AD and the allelic and genotypic distribution of APOE in our population is our aim.MethodIn the genetic bank of dementias of the School of Medicine (of the) University of Buenos Aires we have selectively studied those patients with vascular commitment and Alzheimer’s disease. It was noted the association of risk between this gene and Alzheimer’s disease in our population, as well as is possible it’s association with the mixed component of the patients with dementia. Population under study: 1) AD Patients : The clinical diagnosis was made according to the NICDS‐ADRDA criteria. (n = 49, 20 men and 29 women). 2) >60 years Controls : subjects with no history of neurological diseases (n = 31.8 men and 23 women). 3) Population Controls : (n = 70, 24 men and 46 women).ResultA significant association between APOE‐ ε4 allele, mixed vascular component and AD was found. Even higher than the ApoE‐4 component of AD. About the influence of the genotype in the AD of delayed beginning aour results was: controles vs. AD, OR: 3,70 (1,43 ‐ 1,57), p<0,01 / controles>60 years vs. AD, OR: 4,32 (1,47 ‐ 12,43), p<0,02. And we found the relation between Apo ‐ e Genotype in Mixed Dementia and AD was AD vs controles, OR = 4,1, RR = 1,6, p<0,0001 / DM vs controles, OR = 10,3, RR = 4,1, p<0,0005ConclusionOur results suggests that it may correspond to an increased risk of outbreak of the physiopathology of AD in patients with vascular injury and / or cerebral hypoxia. The APOE‐4 would be a risk factor for vascular injury remaining unprotected brain, resulting in mixed demetia.