Abstract
Analysis of lithodynamic flows and soil-reclamation studies, based on the plastic relief map, allowed for a systematic analysis of the main components of the natural environment. The ways of migration of chemical elements in the soil are established. For the first time, causal relationships of spatial differentiation of the degree and chemical composition of saline soils in the Zarafshan river valley were revealed. The Zarafshan river basin has a clearly defined border, as we can judge from the map of plastic relief made up in 1: 100 000 scale. Here three cascade systems are well distinguished, which is very important for the formation of the reclamation state of the territory. In this area, that is, the subsystem, on the proluvial-alluvial deposits is the main volume of groundwater, which is closely related to the surface. This subsystem is part of the catchment area of the Zarafshan river basin, which is the main source of removal from the territory of a huge mass of dissolved and solid substances.
Highlights
Irrigated agriculture, in particular, the cotton growing zone occupies a special place in the Middle and lower Zarafshan valley. (Fig.1)
The research objective is to study the spatial differentiation of salts in soils within the geosystems of the Zarafshan river valley
The obtained data are used in the preparation of the soil-reclamation map valley of the river Zarafshan
Summary
In particular, the cotton growing zone occupies a special place in the Middle and lower Zarafshan valley. (Fig.). Under the influence of endogenous and egzogenous processes, the formation of relief forms of convex and concave (increases and decreases) occurs These forms of relief in the form of lithodynamic flows are reflected on the map of plastic relief. The organization of irrigation, taking into account the above provisions, creates an optimal-rational water-salt regime that provides maximum salinity of saline soils and desalination of groundwater with minimal labor costs and scarce irrigation water. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive research based on a systematic analysis of the study area, which is relevant
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