Experience in Application of Mini-Invasive Methods in Proctology

Abstract

Mini-invasive methods of treating pathology of the anal canal have existed since the very beginning of the development of medicine. Even Hippocrates used high temperatures to cauterize bleeding hemorrhoids, and in ancient China, doctors applied aggressive chemical mixtures to coagulate them. All this is possible due to the anatomical features of the anorectal zone, in particular, the absence of pain receptors above the dentate line.Purpose of the work: to increase the efficiency of treatment of patients with hemorrhoidal disease using minimally invasive techniques at the clinical base of the Department of Surgery No. 1 of the State Institution "Dnepropetrovsk Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine", where the following methods of treating hemorrhoidal disease are used: low-traumatic (instrumental): - latex ligation of hemorrhoids - the imposition of latex rings on the tissue of internal hemorrhoids, - suture ligation of hemorrhoidal arteries under the control of ultrasound dopplerometry (transanal hemorrhoidal dezarterization - THD method). Ligation of hemorrhoids with latex rings is a fairly simple, inexpensive and at the same time effective technique. Having a minimum of contraindications, it successfully replaces the surgical removal of nodes, at least for some time. The main thing is to carry it out on time and correctly. After performing THD, mucosal necrosis does not occur, as with other minimally invasive methods of treatment. The wound surface is absent, which significantly improves the patient's quality of life in the postoperative period and shortens the rehabilitation period. Subject to the recommendations of the attending physician, the patient can go to work 2 days after the THD procedure.