Abstract
These results show that experience can effect the initial orientation of homing pigeons. A single release can cause quite a large deviation in the results of the next release. Even when the individual releases are varied in direction by sixty or more degrees to prevent a training in one direction, an accumulation of experience over several releases can create a deflection in headings determined by an average of the past experience. The direction of the deflection but not the amount is predictable. There is considerable variation in the amount depending on the release point used and the experience involved. Only three releases in a new sequence are sufficient to change the headings of birds thoroughly trained on an old sequence. Wallraff's suggestation that the northward trend in headings around Wilhelmshaven are due to lack of experience from the north is substantiated by the results.
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