Expedient FE analysis of concrete masonry walls subjected to blast loads

Abstract

In this chapter, concrete masonry unit (CMU) walls subjected to blast pressure are analyzed with the finite element method, with the goal of developing a computationally efficient and accurate model. Computational results are compared in the chapter to high-speed video images and debris velocities obtained from experimental data. It is found that the model has the ability to reproduce experimental results with good agreement. It is also found that wall behavior is sensitive to material properties. The exterior frames of buildings are commonly in-filled with CMU blocks. In a typical high-energy blast in close proximity to this type of wall, the CMUs may break apart and enter the structure as projectiles, potentially injuring building occupants. The accurate prediction of this behavior is a subject of great interest in protective technology research to evaluate the performance of existing structures and to suggest appropriate retrofit options or designs for new structures. A number of researchers have modeled CMU wall behavior, typically with the finite element (FE) method.