Abstract
The Chelyabinsk Research Institute of Agriculture (CRIA) conducts targeted breeding for the complex resistance of soft spring wheat to biotic and abiotic stress factors, with the involvement of alien translocations donors. At the same time, the virulence of the pathogen populations is monitored. The purpose of these studies is to study disease resistance and to characterize economically valuable traits in 60 introgressive lines created in the CRIA, and to assess their influence on the variability of pathogens populations for virulence. Using molecular markers, the high genetic diversity of the studied collection of introgressive breeding lines for effective alien resistance genes was confirmed. According to the field and laboratory studies, promising lines were identified (Lutescens (Lut.) 26708, Erythrospermum (Erythr.) 26725, Ferrugineum (Ferr.) 26727, Ferr. 26752, Ferr. 26757, Erythr. 26762, Erythr. 26775, Lut. 26720) These lines combine multipathogen diseases resistance with a complex of economically valuable characteristics (yield, grain quality). There was no effect of introgression lines of spring wheat on the variability of the pathogen population for virulence.
Highlights
Genetic protection of wheat against diseases is an important basic element of resourcesaving and environmentally friendly technologies for grain production
Its high level is achieved by cultivating varieties that are genetically diverse in terms of resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors and their rationally placing in agroclimatic regions
Most of the breeding lines in the field conditions were characterized by high resistance to lodging, good phenotypic traits, as well as a fairly high ocular grain rating
Summary
Genetic protection of wheat against diseases is an important basic element of resourcesaving and environmentally friendly technologies for grain production. Change of genetically resistant varieties allows to stabilize the population composition of phytopathogens and reduce the probability of epiphytotic diseases. The genetic protection of wheat from rust and powdery mildew is widely used in the North American continent, in Australia and in a number of European countries [3]. The use of the intraspecific genetic potential of soft wheat does not provide a sufficient degree of protection against diseases. The phytopathological situation is deteriorating due to the shift in the distribution area of a number of soft wheat pathogens, due to global climate change, in particular, widespread warming
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