Abstract
Generation of Abrikosov vortex rings and half-rings by an external current in a type-II superconducting cylinder of arbitrary radius is considered. The energy barrier preventing nucleation of the vortices is calculated in the London approximation. Dependence of the barrier height on both the current density and the cylinder radius is studied. The critical current required for development of vortex instability in a pinning-free superconducting cylinder is found. It is shown that the average density of the critical current grows monotonically when the radius of the cylinder is decreased.
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