Abstract
Although the word “robot” was coined in 1921, only close to 70 years later were robotic devices developed to assist during surgery. Urology has always been at the forefront of endoscopic, minimally invasive, and robotic developments in medicine. Robotic prostatectomy signaled the emerging role of robotic surgery in urology, but since then it has been applied to every urologic laparoscopic procedure.
Highlights
Karel Čapek first coined the word ‘‘robot’’ in his play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots), in 1921.1 The term was derived from the Czech word ‘‘robota,” meaning “forced work.” Čapek’s play presented a world where humans were assisted by robots to fulfill everyday tasks; the robots eventually turned on their masters and sought world domination.2‘‘A computer-controlled manipulator with artificial sensing that can be reprogrammed to move and position tools to carry out a range of surgical tasks’’ was the definition given to a surgical robot.[3]
We reported the first series of robotic cystectomy in Israel in 201540 and a series of post-radiation salvage cystectomies in 2017.41
Urology has been in the forefront of implementing and advancing robotic surgery in medicine
Summary
Karel Čapek first coined the word ‘‘robot’’ in his play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots), in 1921.1 The term was derived from the Czech word ‘‘robota,” meaning “forced work.” Čapek’s play presented a world where humans were assisted by robots to fulfill everyday tasks; the robots eventually turned on their masters and sought world domination.2‘‘A computer-controlled manipulator with artificial sensing that can be reprogrammed to move and position tools to carry out a range of surgical tasks’’ was the definition given to a surgical robot.[3]. Karel Čapek first coined the word ‘‘robot’’ in his play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots), in 1921.1 The term was derived from the Czech word ‘‘robota,” meaning “forced work.”. Čapek’s play presented a world where humans were assisted by robots to fulfill everyday tasks; the robots eventually turned on their masters and sought world domination.. ‘‘A computer-controlled manipulator with artificial sensing that can be reprogrammed to move and position tools to carry out a range of surgical tasks’’ was the definition given to a surgical robot.[3] Many authors did not like this definition and suggested ‘‘computer-assisted surgery’’ as an alternative.[4]. Invention has always been driven by necessity, and so was the development of medical robotics. EndoAssist, probably the first surgical robotic device, was introduced in 1990 and was a freestanding laparoscopic camera manipulator, con-
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