Abstract
Hydro-geotechnical mapping of the study area, which lies within the Sombreiro – Warri deltaic plain in the Niger Delta area, comprised the drilling of representative boreholes as monitoring wells. Three (3) boreholes were sunk in the area with soil and water samples collected for laboratory analyses according to Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) and international standards. The physical properties of the soils were determined and used as indices of their infiltration capacity and classification. Water quality analysis was for physicochemical and microbiological parameters. Boreholes logged to the maximum – drilled depth of 10m, revealed fine – grained, high plasticity clay and medium to coarse –grained sands with fines of silt and clay overlying the aquifer. Static water levels were in the range of 1.2 to 2.0m below ground elevation. The aquifer was determined to be confined in one area but was mostly semi – confined (leaky) and this condition may permit gradual infiltration of pollutants into the upper aquifer. Environmental hazards that may occur in the area may include sheet erosion and flooding. It is recommended that the provision of dedicated flow lines will ensure a flood free environment.
Highlights
Miocene Eocene PaleoceneBASELINE DATA ACQUISTION Monitoring Wells, Soil Stratigraphy and Index Properties Three (3) water wells were drilled at the study area to obtain baseline water quality data, water level monitoring and sub – soil analysis for infiltration characteristics
GEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA The study area, Sapele in Delta State Nigeria is located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria
The present-day Niger Delta was formed during the Tertiary period as a result of the interplay between subsidence and deposition arising from a succession of transgressions and regressions of the three main Tertiary subsurface lithostratigraphic units of Akata, Agbada and Benin Formations (Short and Stauble,1967), with an overall approximate thickness of over 5,000m of sediment body
Summary
BASELINE DATA ACQUISTION Monitoring Wells, Soil Stratigraphy and Index Properties Three (3) water wells were drilled at the study area to obtain baseline water quality data, water level monitoring and sub – soil analysis for infiltration characteristics. The boreholes were drilled with the use of a light cable percussion rig to a depth of 10m in each borehole This drill type permits more accurate determination of groundwater levels and sampling of ground water for quality analysis. The physical properties of the soil samples recovered from the boreholes were examined to obtain parameters used as indices of the infiltration capacity of the soils in the study area. The tests were grain size distribution analysis, permeability (using the constant and falling head permeameters) and Atterberg (consistency) limits. These tests were conducted to enable the evaluation of the gradation, hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) and consistency (water absorbing and adsorbing ability) properties of the soil samples, as well as their classification.
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