Abstract
Once upon a time physicists believed that nucleons and pions were elementary like electrons and photons, and that Yukawa’s theory of nuclear forces was the analog of QED for strong interactions. Then the △ was discovered, and then the ρ and other pion resonances, and it became apparent that neither the pion nor the nucleon was elementary and that both had a composite structure. Today pions and nucleons seem to be very similar objects, instead of being very different like the electron and photon, and made of the same basic building blocks: spin 1/2 quarks bound by colored gluons. But perhaps history will repeat itself. Maybe 25 years from now a lecture at Erice will begin with the statement “Once upon a time physicists believed that quarks and gluons were elementary, and that Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) was the analog of QED for strong interactions. Then …..????”
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