Abstract
Exosomes: tiny clues for mast cell communication.
Highlights
Discovered nearly 30 years ago, exosomes were initially considered little cellular garbage disposals acting to discard unwanted proteins and molecules, and research on exosome biology developed at an extremely slow pace; it is only in the past two decades or so that we have been able to unscramble some of the various biological roles of these nanovesicles
The foundation for the hypothesis that exosomes could play a large and active role in intercellular communication came in 1996, when Graca Raposo published her discovery of exosomes, secreted by EpsteinBarr virus transformed B lymphocytes, able to induce antigen-specific MHC class IIrestricted T cell responses (1)
Secreted by multiple cell types and virtually found in all body fluids, exosomes are nano-sized, cell membrane surrounded structures harboring a broad range of biomolecules, including mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins linked to cell type-associated functions
Summary
Discovered nearly 30 years ago, exosomes were initially considered little cellular garbage disposals acting to discard unwanted proteins and molecules, and research on exosome biology developed at an extremely slow pace; it is only in the past two decades or so that we have been able to unscramble some of the various biological roles of these nanovesicles. Over the past few years, considerable research really brings us closer to harnessing the potential of these tiny vesicles as both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. To understand the biological function of exosomes, a number of proteomic and transcriptomic profile studies has been performed.
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