Exosomes Carrying microRNA-205 from Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress the Progression of Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Background: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are engaged in cancer initiation and metastasis, sometimes by releasing exosomes that mediate cell communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs). The study aims to investigate effects of exosomal miR-205 derived from hBMSCs on prostate cancer cell functions. Methods: Microarray analysis was adopted to predict interaction between RHPN2 and miR-205 in prostate cancer, which was further confirmed using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The levels of miR-205 and RHPN2 in prostate cancer were quantified. Prostate cancer cells were exposed to exosomes derived from hBMSCs that were treated with either miR-205 mimic or miR-205 inhibitor. Subsequently, prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected in vitro. The effects of hBMSCs-miR-205 on RHPN2 level and tumor growth were investigated in vivo. Results: miR-205 was downregulated while RHPN2 was upregulated in prostate cancer. Additionally, restoring miR-205 inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and promoted apoptosis by targeting RHPN2. Next, experiments demonstrated that hBMSCs-derived exosomes secreting miR-205 contributed to a repressed prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and an enhanced apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed the inhibitory effects of hBMSCs-derived exosomes carrying miR-205 on prostate cancer. Conclusion: Collectively, our study demonstrates that hBMSCs-derived exosomes with miR-205 alleviate prostate cancer by regulating RHPN2, which provides a potential treatment biomarker for prostate cancer. Funding Statement: This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81001146) and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (No. 2017A020215168). Declaration of Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: All patients enrolled in the study signed informed consent documentation. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. All procedures of animal experiments were in line with the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.