Exosomal circHIPK3 derived from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhances skin fibroblast autophagy by blocking miR-20b-5p/ULK1/Atg13 axis.

Abstract

Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) could alleviate diabetes-induced injury. Hence, this investigation aimed to explore the role and mechanism of UCMSCs-derived exosomal circHIPK3 (exo-circHIPK3) in diabetes mellitus (DM). HFF-1 cells were cultured in high glucose (HG) medium or normal medium, and treated with UCMSCs-derived exo-circHIPK3 or miR-20b-5p mimics or Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) overexpression vector. The surface markers of UCMSCs were analyzed using a flow cytometer. The differentiation potential of UCMSCs was evaluated using oil red O staining, alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Cell proliferation was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The miRNA expressions were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein levels were quantified by western blot. An immunofluorescence staining was used for observing LC3 expression. The interaction between miR-20b-5p and circHIPK3, and between miR-20b-5b and ULK1 were identified by a RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and a luciferase reporter assay. Up-regulation of circHIPK3 was found in UCMSCs-derived exosomes. Exo-circHIPK3 decreased the miR-20b-5p level while increasing the contents of ULK1 and autophagy-related gene 13 (Atg13) in HG-induced fibroblasts. In addition, exo-circHIPK3 activated HG-induced fibroblast autophagy and proliferation. Overexpressed miR-20b-5p promoted fibroblast injury by inhibiting cell autophagy via the ULK1/Atg13 axis in HG conditions of high glucose. Moreover, exo-circHIPK3 enhanced autophagy and cell viability in HG-induced fibroblasts through the miR-20b-5p/ULK1/Atg13 axis. UCMSCs-derived exosomal circHIPK3 promoted cell autophagy and proliferation and accelerated the fibroblast injury repair by the miR-20b-5p/ULK1/Atg13 axis.