Abstract
BackgroundTomato is one of the most popular vegetables, and middle tolerance for salt stress. Spermidine (Spd) has an important role in plant defense mechanisms against abiotic stress; however, relatively few data are available regarding Spd in responses of tomato to saline-alkaline stress. The effect of 0.25 mmol/L Spd on some physiological parameters of two tomato cultivars grown in 75 mmol/L saline-alkaline solutions were studied. Two cultivars are cv. Jinpeng chaoguan which is a highly salt-tolerant ecotype and cv. Zhongza No. 9 which is more salt-sensitive ecotype.ResultsSaline-alkaline stress upset nitrogen metabolism, induced the antioxidant enzyme activities, and accumulated much more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and osmoregulation substances in two tomato cultivars leaves. Under saline-alkaline stress condition, Spd-treated seedlings accumulated more osmoregulation substances and had greater activities of antioxidative enzymes. Exogenous Spd counteracted the stress-induced increase of contents of malondialdehyde and ammonium, glutamate dehydrogenase activity, and decreased in nitrate, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities. Additionally, the effect of Spd was more significantly in salt-sensitive cultivar ‘Zhongza No. 9’.ConclusionsOverall, exogenous spermidine can attenuate negative effects of saline-alkaline stress on tomato seedlings which effects may depend on the plant species, and even cultivars.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40529-014-0058-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
IntroductionSpermidine (Spd) has an important role in plant defense mechanisms against abiotic stress; relatively few data are available regarding Spd in responses of tomato to saline-alkaline stress
Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables, and middle tolerance for salt stress
When tomato seedlings were at the sixth true leaves stage, the seedlings were treated with the following treatments: (1) control (CK), half-strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution cultivation, (b) saline-alkaline treatment, tomato seedlings were exposed to half-strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution cultivation contain 75 mmol/L
Summary
Spermidine (Spd) has an important role in plant defense mechanisms against abiotic stress; relatively few data are available regarding Spd in responses of tomato to saline-alkaline stress. The effect of 0.25 mmol/L Spd on some physiological parameters of two tomato cultivars grown in 75 mmol/L saline-alkaline solutions were studied. Saline-alkaline condition imposes a major abiotic stress on crops and represents an important limiting factor of productivity. Spermidine (Spd), spermine, and putrescine are major polyamines in plants that act as second messengers, mediating responses to various environmental stressors. These stressors include osmotic stress, changes in salinity, drought conditions, and exposure to ozone, heavy metals, and ultraviolet light (Groppa and Benavides 2008). Compared with other type of polyamine, Spd could more effectively alleviate the adverse impacts of salinityalkalinity (Hu et al, 2012)
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