Abstract
Acid rain is a serious worldwide environmental problem which reduces the growth and yield of crops. Melatonin, as a pleiotropic molecule has been known to improve stress tolerance by limiting the oxidative damage of plants exposed to adverse environments. However, the role of exogenous melatonin particularly on the yield and antioxidant compounds in tomato fruits under abiotic stress condition remains inexpressible. This observation aims to identify the influence of melatonin treatment under simulated acid rain (SAR) condition on fruit qualities, phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids concentration in fruits, and yield of tomatoes. Our study results showed that the fruits of SAR-stressed plants had higher quality traits and antioxidant bioactive compounds by increasing antioxidant activities against SAR-induced oxidative stress compared with fruits of control plants. Nonetheless, these improvements to antioxidant activities in fruits under SAR-condition remained unable to prevent the reduction of the yield. However, SAR-stressed plants treated by melatonin exhibited upgradation on the fruit quality traits, antioxidant compounds and yield attributes through accelerating oxidant-scavenging antioxidant actions in fruits compared with fruits of SAR-stressed plants. Meanwhile, our results suggest that exogenous melatonin plays an important role in improvement of bioactive compounds and yield traits in tomato fruits through regulating antioxidant system.
Highlights
Fruits and vegetables provide us with energy, vitamins, minerals, and fibers, which are considered to be important elements of a healthy and balanced diet
The pH value considered to be the consistent parameter of fruit quality and the critical standards in processing industry as they influenced in the shelf life of fruits
We determined the effect of simulated acid rain (SAR) stress and exogenous melatonin on antioxidant system in tomato fruits, which modulated the fruit qualities and health promoting antioxidant bioactive compounds in fruits and yield of tomatoes
Summary
Fruits and vegetables provide us with energy, vitamins, minerals, and fibers, which are considered to be important elements of a healthy and balanced diet. They are necessary as part of a part of main meal or as beverage additives. Different phytonutrients in a healthy diet having the potential to lower the cardiovascular disease and certain cancers, they have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti–tumor properties [3,4,5] These important phytonutrients are inadequate in the edible parts of most commonly consumed fruits and vegetables worldwide, like the tomato, as compared to blueberry, rubus berries, cheery, eggplant peel, grape, black carrot and red cabbage [6,7].
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