Exode : l’identité naufragée entre displacement et nostos. Représentation littéraire de la mémoire de l’exile en Istrie et Palestine

Abstract

This article analyses and compares the experiences and the memories of traumas of the Istrian exodus in 1947 and the Arab Palestinian exodus in 1948. Beyond the diversity of accents and ideological motivations, in the field of literary production, the themes are the same i.e.: the exile, the displacement, uprooting, the sense of belonging to the lost land and the nostalgia of the return. To leave a place also leads to the loss of the identity linked to that place. In this essay, I examine the image of the exile, which lives in precarious equilibrium between two borders, without entirely belonging neither to one side or the other, and acts as a bridge between different cultures and civilizations. I would also emphasize the difference between the real national identity and the new identities built afterward, through a choice of fragments of some Italian and Arab writers, in particular Anna Maria Mori, NelidaMilani, Lina Galli, Edward Said, GhassanKanafani, Mahmoud Darwich, Emile Habibi and TawfikZayyad