Abstract
BackgroundIn many countries, agricultural residues are generated in large quantities, and most of these are underutilized and considered waste, especially in developing countries.ResultIn this study, Curvularia affinis was isolated from the leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans and identified using 18S rRNA sequencing. C. affinis was tested for exo- and endoglucanase production using biomass of bean waste compared with the use of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as its growth substrates. C. affinis was better able to produce exo- and endoglucanase enzymes on bean waste biomass than on MCC and CMC. The highest activities of exo- and endoglucanase were detected with substrate concentrations 2% using MCC or CMC and with 4% using bean waste. The optimum incubation period for enzymes activity was 6 days with MCC or CMC (activity was 5.90 and 2.99 U/g of exoglucanase and endoglucanase, respectively) and 8 days with bean waste where activity was 3.64 U/g and 0.92 U/g of exoglucanase and endoglucanase, respectively. Exo- and endoglucanase production showed the highest activity at pH 5–6. In process wherein surfactant (Tween 80) was used, the exoglucanase activity gradually increased from 5.92 U/g to 6.20 U/g and then decreased to 5.70 U/g at 0.50% compared with that using the MCC substrate. The exoglucanase activity gradually increased from 3.80 U/g at 0.0% to 4.12 U/g at 0.20% and then decreased to 3.01 U/g at 0.50% Tween 80 using bean waste. Pretreated bean biomass also yielded higher enzyme production than the non-pretreated biomass. Alkaline-pretreated biomass showed the highest enzyme production compared with acid-treated residues, followed by the H2O2-treated ones.ConclusionThe study concluded that C. affinis produce exo- and endoglucanase enzymes using cheap and abundant biomass of beans. Moreover, optimization of enzymes indicated that pretreatment of biomass bean biomass is a good choice process for enhanced enzymes productivity.
Highlights
The global food, agricultural, and forestry industries produce great amounts of wastes annually, which lead to several environmental problems (Rodríguez-Couto 2008)
Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume worldwide, and its suitability as fungus immobilization carrier for solid-state fermentation has been assessed in a past study (Orzua et al 2009)
Tunali et al (2007) reported that the waste biomass of bean (P. vulgaris L.) has a potential to be utilized as an alternative for the removal of acid red 57 dye from aqueous solutions because of its availability, low cost, and reasonable biosorption capacity
Summary
The global food, agricultural, and forestry industries produce great amounts of wastes annually, which lead to several environmental problems (Rodríguez-Couto 2008). Agricultural residues represent substantial raw materials that can be used to produce value-added products. Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume worldwide, and its suitability as fungus immobilization carrier for solid-state fermentation has been assessed in a past study (Orzua et al 2009). Tunali et al (2007) reported that the waste biomass of bean (P. vulgaris L.) has a potential to be utilized as an alternative for the removal of acid red 57 dye from aqueous solutions because of its availability, low cost, and reasonable biosorption capacity. Agricultural residues are generated in large quantities, and most of these are underutilized and considered waste, especially in developing countries
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