Abstract
Microstructure, ferroelectric and dielectric properties investigation reveals non-stoichiometric chemical ordered regions (CORs) and relaxor like dielectric characteristics in 800 °C to 1200 °C uniaxially hot pressed (HP) lead magnesium niobate (PMN) ceramics. Occurance of (½½½) superlattice reflections along 〈111〉 in 〈110〉 zone axis SAED pattern and the presence of bright nano-meter regions in corresponding dark-field images in 800 °C hot pressed PMN (HP800) demonstrates the formation of the CORs as soon as the perovskite phase is formed during calcination at 800 °C. The lattice constant is observed to remain constant with HP sintering temperature. An increase in dielectric constant maximum (εm) from 8800 to 25,000 and shift of temperature of the εm (Tm) from 278 K to 263 K is explained considering a restriction of thermal activity of large polar regions near to the grain boundaires of smaller grains.
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