Exiled Participants of the January Insurrection in Altai (1863-1864)

Abstract

The topic of the Siberian exile of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864) is one of the most important and complex, occupying a special place both in Russian history and in the history of neighboring countries. The relevance of this problem is determined by the importance of this event, which had a great impact on the formation of Russian-Polish relations in the 19th century, the need for a detailed study of the life of the participants of the insurrection in Siberian exile. Extremely difficult interstate relations in the modern world cause an acute need to address the historical experience of cohabitation and interaction of exiles of different nationalities who found themselves in Siberian conditions in the second half of the 19th century. In this regard, there is a need for further in-depth study of the living conditions of exiles in Siberia, their relationship with the administration and the local population. The article deals with the period of stay in Altai of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864), exiled from Mogilev, Minsk, Vitebsk, Grodno provinces. Based on the available sources, the work reflects the issues of the number, places of accommodation, material situation, activities of the exiles, supplemented with details of their biography. Some of the exiles served as scribes, accountants, engaged in education, crafts, beekeeping, having a significant impact on the development of the local population. In the process of direct communication in the conditions of living in Altai, interethnic relations and contacts between the exiles were formed.