Abstract
The presented study reveals a multi-point experimental measurement of the airflow speed, generated in the exhalation phase from the human respiratory cycle, based on data from 10 real human subjects. The results obtained demonstrate the exceptional irregularity and the transient character of the human respiratory cycle, in terms of measured speed at different points of man-generated exhalation air flow. The presented exponential trend lines show as expected, that there is a reduction in the exhalation speed, with the increase of the distance from the nose. The summary analysis shows that at 10 cm distance from the nose the maximum as well as the average measured speeds are higher than the one, measured at 5 cm distance. This suggests that due to the physiology of the human nose, 5 cm distance is not enough to characterize the fully developed exhalation jet flow. It is suggested that at this distance the exhalation jets are still two, issuing from each nostril, with different flowrate ratio. The obtained flow characteristics can be used to compare, validate and verify data from conducted numerical studies of the breathing process, via virtual models or real breathing thermal mannikins.
Highlights
Breathing is the most essential activity of the human body and practically people cannot exist without breathing [1, 2, 3]
The analysis is based on the air flow speed distribution in time, for the corresponding distances from the nose of the participants
In the presented study, the maximum measured speed value at each point is considered as the recorded exhalation speed
Summary
Breathing is the most essential activity of the human body and practically people cannot exist without breathing [1, 2, 3]. By the exchange of inhaled and exhaled air, the human organism is decontaminated from the harmful substances and gases, generated by the metabolism [3, 4, 5]. The respiratory cycle in humans is characterized by the air flow from and out of the lungs. Healthy adults usually breathe in and out between 10 and 15 times per minute, depending on the degree of their physical activity. About 0.6 liters of air is exchanged between the lungs and the environment during a normal breathing cycle. This corresponds to inhaling and exhaling of more than 12900 liters of air per day
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