Abstract
BackgroundExhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a non-invasive method to assess airway inflammation and oxidative stress and may be useful in the assessment of childhood asthma.MethodsExhaled 8-isoprostane, a stable marker of oxidative stress, was measured in EBC, in children (5–17 years) with asthma (13 steroid-naïve and 12 inhaled steroid-treated) and 11 healthy control.ResultsMean exhaled 8-isoprostane concentration was significantly elevated in steroid-naïve asthmatic children compared to healthy children 9.3 (SEM 1.7) vs. 3.8 (0.6) pg/ml, p < 0.01. Children on inhaled steroids also had significantly higher 8-isoprostane levels than those of normal subjects 6.7 (0.7) vs. 3.8 (0.6) pg/ml, p < 0.01. Steroid-naïve asthmatics had higher exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) than those of controls 28.5 (4.7) vs. 12.6 (1.5) ppb, p < 0.01. eNO in steroid-treated asthmatics was similar to control subjects 27.5(8.8) vs. 12.6(1.5) ppb. Exhaled 8-isoprostane did not correlate with duration of asthma, dose of inhaled steroids or eNO.ConclusionWe conclude that 8-isoprostane is elevated in asthmatic children, indicating increased oxidative stress, and that this does not appear to be normalized by inhaled steroid therapy. This suggests that 8-isoprostane is a useful non-invasive measurement of oxidative stress in children and that antioxidant therapy may be useful in the future.
Highlights
Anti-inflammatory drugs such as inhaled corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment in childhood asthma but measurement of airway inflammation using traditional invasive procedures is not feasible in children
Respiratory Research 2005, 6:79 http://respiratory-research.com/content/6/1/79 tanes have been measured in exhaled breath condensate and have been found to be elevated in adults with asthma compared to values in normal control subjects [4,5]
We studied 11 normal control subjects, 13 steroid-naïve and 12 steroid-treated asthmatic children
Summary
Anti-inflammatory drugs such as inhaled corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment in childhood asthma but measurement of airway inflammation using traditional invasive procedures is not feasible in children. Bronchial biopsy is invasive and non-invasive tests such as spirometry do not represent the true state of inflammation [1]. Less invasive tests such as sputum induction may be difficult in children. Various mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress, such as hydrogen peroxide, cysteinyl-leukotrienes, 8-isopros-. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a non-invasive method to assess airway inflammation and oxidative stress and may be useful in the assessment of childhood asthma
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