Abstract
Abstract Dimethyl ether (DME) as a promising alternative fuel can be produced through two-step and single-step processes with differently suitable H2/CO ratio in syngas. Natural gas, coal, and biomass are potential energy sources for syngas production to synthesize the DME. In order to analyze the proper process of syngas production for the DME synthesis, this work aims to compare the syngas production processes from biomass gasification, coal gasification, and methane tri-reforming for the sinle-step and two-step processes through the exergoeconomic analysis. The results showed that from the coal gasification achieves the highest energetic efficiencies of the syngas production for both single-step and two-step processes while the methane tri-reforming shows the highest exergetic efficiencies at H2/CO of 2. In the exergoeconomic analysis, the air-steam coal gasification showed the lowest syngas unit cost of 0.65 $/kg for the two-step process, while biomass gasification with air-steam agent presents the lowest unit cost of syngas of 0.54 $/kg for the single-step process. When considering the environmental point of view, the intensity of CO2 emission of biomass gasification with oxygen-steam agent for the single-step process of DME synthesis is the lowest about 2.83 tonne CO2/tonne syngas.
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