Exercise training prevents hypertension, dyslipidemia and renal lipid deposition in young rats fed a high‐fat diet

Abstract

We investigated the potential of exercise training (ET) to prevent hypertension, lipid profile damage and intrarenal lipid deposition in young rats. Male Wistar rats (n=6/groups) were separated into sedentary (SC) or trained (TC) fed a control diet, and sedentary (SH) or trained (TH) fed a high‐fat diet (30% lipids) during 12 weeks since the weaning. ET was performed in treadmill (60% of maximal velocity, 1h/day, 5x/week, during 10 weeks) and started in the second week of the protocol. After ET, the animals were catheterized to record basal blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during 15 minutes. Then, the animals were killed by overload of anesthetic (ketamine/Xylazine, ip.) and left kidney was harvested to quantify the lipid deposition by oil red staining. Serum was collected to evaluate lipid profile by colorimetric kit. Basal BP was 10% higher in the SH than SC group and the ET prevented this increase in the TH group. Resting bradycardia was observed only in the TC (296±20 bpm) group compared with SC (365±42 bpm). Triglycerides (211 %) and intrarenal lipid deposition (30%) increased in the SH group compared with SC, however the ET was able to prevent both responses in TH. Total cholesterol was not different among groups. In conclusion, our results showed that ET was efficient to prevent hypertension, dyslipidemia and the increase in intrarenal lipid deposition in rat fed a high‐fat diet since the weaning. Supported by Mackpesquisa.