Abstract
To examine the exercise-induced release of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in adolescent and adult swimmers. Thirty-two trained male (18 adolescents, 14 adults) swam at maximal pace in a 45 min distance trial, and blood samples were drawn before, immediately and 3 h after exercise for subsequent cTnT analysis and comparison. Having comparable training experience and baseline values of cTnT (p = 0.78 and p = 0.13), adults exercised at lower absolute and relative intensity (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), but presented higher immediate cTnT after exercise than adolescents (p < 0.001). Despite that, peak concentrations were observed at 3 h post exercise and peak elevations were comparable between groups (p = 0.074). Fourteen (44%) apparently healthy subjects exceeded the cutoff value for myocardial infarction (MI). Adolescents presented a delayed elevation of cTnT compared with adults, but achieved similar peak values.
Highlights
Elevations of serum cardiac troponin are the preferred criteria to diagnose myocardial injury [1]
The mechanisms underlying the release of cardiac troponin (cTn) following exercise in apparently healthy individuals are not completely understood, previous research suggested potential mechanisms, among them: changes in membrane permeability allowing unbound cTn from cytosol to diffuse outside the cells, normal turnover of myocardial cells, cTn degradation producing cellular release, membranous blebs, myocyte apoptosis/necrosis resulting in genuine cardiac injury or cross-reaction with skeletal troponin [3,5]
Baseline concentrations were comparable between adolescents and adults (χ2 = 2.2; p = 0.13), and in both groups it raised immediately after and at 3 h post exercise
Summary
Elevations of serum cardiac troponin (cTn) are the preferred criteria to diagnose myocardial injury [1]. A growing body of evidence suggests that cTn elevations induced by exercise occur in apparently healthy athletes and might respond to a physiological acute response to exercise rather than pathological sign [2,3,4]. Differences between adolescents and adults are inconsistent [4,6,7,8] In this regard, it has been previously suggested that higher exercise-induced elevations of cTn in the younger might be attributable to the immaturity of adolescents myocardium, since it
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