Abstract
IntroductionThe microdialysis method was applied to the human knee joint with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to reveal changes in biochemical markers of cartilage and inflammation, intraarticularly and in the synovium, in response to a single bout of mechanical joint loading.MethodsThirty-one female subjects with OA of the knee were randomized to non-exercise (NEx) or exercise (Ex) groups. Following acute resistance exercise (25 sets of 10 repetitions at 60% of 1 Repetition Maximum) or none (NEx), peripheral nerve blocks just below the inguinal ligament were applied and two microdialysis catheters were positioned in two different compartments, intraarticularly and peri-synovially. The microdialysis catheters were perfused at a slow rate (2 μl/minute) with a solution of Ringer-acetate and radioactively labelled glucose allowing for determination of relative recovery (RR) and calculation of interstitial concentrations of inflammatory and cartilage biomarkers over a three-hour period.ResultsA significant increase of Interleukin (IL) -10 was discovered in both positions of the knee in the Ex group over the three hours post exercise, whereas IL-10 remained stationary over time in the NEx group. IL-6 and IL-8 displayed significant increases over time regardless of group and position of the catheter. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) decreased intraarticularly in the post exercise period in the Ex group compared to the NEx group.ConclusionsExercise caused an increase in both intraarticular and peri-synovial concentrations of IL-10 in a group of human females with knee OA. This suggests a positive effect of exercise on a chondroprotective anti-inflammatory cytokine response in patients with knee OA and might contribute to explaining the beneficial effect that exercise has on OA.Trial registrationNCT01090375.
Highlights
The microdialysis method was applied to the human knee joint with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to reveal changes in biochemical markers of cartilage and inflammation, intraarticularly and in the synovium, in response to a single bout of mechanical joint loading
Subjects Thirty-one Caucasian women with symptomatic knee OA and fulfilling ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria participated after informed consent was obtained, in the study that was approved by the local Ethics Committee (H-KF-306126) and conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration
The present study demonstrates that the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, increased significantly over time post exercise in the Ex group in both compartments, but not in the NEx group, indicating that the increase observed in the Ex group could be ascribed to exercise (Figure 3)
Summary
The microdialysis method was applied to the human knee joint with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to reveal changes in biochemical markers of cartilage and inflammation, intraarticularly and in the synovium, in response to a single bout of mechanical joint loading. We have previously shown that microdialysis can be used as a method to investigate, continuously over time, the peri-synovial interstitial tissue and the joints space in parallel [8]. Several biomarkers for both cartilage (Aggrecan, COMP and CTX-II) and inflammation (Interleukins) have been studied in the circulating blood, the urine and intraarticularly [9,10,11]. The aim of the present study was, by applying the microdialysis technique, to monitor markers of cartilage breakdown and inflammation intraarticularly and in the synovium in a group of human females with knee OA over a period of three hours
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