Exercise, Caloric Restriction, and Systemic Oxidative Stress

Pietro R Galassetti,Dan Nemet,Jennifer Larson,Dan M Cooper,Christie Rose-Gottron,Andria Pescatello

doi:10.2310/6650.2005.05024

Pietro R Galassetti, Dan Nemet + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.2310/6650.2005.05024

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Abstract

BackgroundIn humans, the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the molecules causing oxidative stress, are mitochondrial superoxide ions and neutrophil-derived oxidative radicals. Circulating antioxidants contribute to the protection against...

Highlights

In humans, the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the molecules causing oxidative stress, are mitochondrial superoxide ions and neutrophil-derived oxidative radicals
No difference became apparent on the morning following the first day of exercise training (33 Ϯ 4 μg/mL in the high-calorie group, 34 Ϯ 3 μg/mL in the low-calorie group), but on the morning following the last day of exercise, F2-isoprostanes had become significantly and reduced in both groups (27 Ϯ 2 μg/mL in the high-calorie group, 24 Ϯ 2 μg/mL in the low-calorie group; p < .05 vs baseline)
Strenuous exercise for 7 consecutive days resulted in a significant reduction in basal lipid peroxidation, the quantitatively most important index of systemic oxidation

Summary

Introduction

The main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the molecules causing oxidative stress, are mitochondrial superoxide ions and neutrophil-derived oxidative radicals. Circulating antioxidants contribute to the protection against oxidative stress. We hypothesized that relatively brief, intense exercise training may reduce systemic oxidation via an intrinsic mechanism, independent of changes in circulating antioxidants and of neutrophil-derived enzymes (as may be caused by concomitant caloric restriction). Results: Serum F2-isoprostanes (μg/mL), markers of lipid peroxidation, were reduced after 7 days of exercise in the highcalorie (from 35 Ϯ 4 to 27 Ϯ 2) and low-calorie (from 35 Ϯ 3 to 24 Ϯ 2) groups. No change was observed in circulating concentrations of the antioxidant catalase. Conclusion: A significant reduction in systemic oxidation may occur relatively early during intense exercise training in healthy young men, independent of caloric intake. The potential contribution to these effects of circulating antioxidants and neutrophilderived oxidative enzymes will require further investigation.

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