Exendin-4 as a Versatile Therapeutic Agent for the Amelioration of Diabetic Changes.

Hadi Rajabi,Somayeh Aslani,Mahdi Ahmadi,Shirin Saberianpour,Reza Rahbarghazi

doi:10.34172/apb.2022.025

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic abnormality leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Non-insulin Incretin mimic synthetic peptide exendin-4 was introduced as an anti-diabetic drug which helped diabetic patients with triggering insulin secretion; further researches have revealed an effective role of exendin-4 in treatment of T2DM related diseases. Exendin-4 is approximately similar to Glucagon-like peptide, thus it can bind to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and activated different signaling pathways that are involved in various bioactivities such as apoptosis, insulin secretion and inactivation of microglial. In this review, we investigated the interesting role of exendin-4 in various kinds of T2DM related disorders through the activation of different signaling pathways.

Highlights

Introduction nT2DM is a progressive metabolic disorder with a high rate of prevalence worldwide contributing to profound socio-economic implications.[1]
We investigated the interesting role of exendin-4 in various kinds of type c2 diabetes mellitus related disorders through the activation of different signaling pathways
T2DM is mainly identified by a hyperglycemic condition that is caused by the combination of cell resistance to insulin a and/or insufficiency of pancreatic β cell to synthesize and release insulin to the systemic circulation in response to high levels of glucose

Summary

Cell transplant

Antidiabetic exendin-4 activates apoptotic pathway and inhibits growth of breast cancer cells. He W, Yu S, Wang L, He M, Cao X, Li Y, et al Exendin-4 inhibits growth and c augments apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Iwaya C, Nomiyama T, Komatsu S, Kawanami T, Tsutsumi Y, Hamaguchi Y, et al. Exendin-4, a glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist, attenuates breast cancer growth u by inhibiting nf-κ b activation. Jia Y, Zheng Z, Guan M, Zhang Q, Li Y, Wang L, et al Exendin-4 ameliorates high d glucose-induced fibrosis by inhibiting the secretion of mir-192 from injured renal tubular epithelial cells. Li S, Wang X, Zhang J, Li J, Liu X, Ma Y, et al Exenatide ameliorates hepatic steatosis and attenuates fat mass and fto gene expression through pi3k signaling c pathway in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Rare lactic acidosis

Findings

Chronic heart dysfunction leads to kidney injury or dysfunction