Abstract
The article makes an attempt to conduct a comparative analysis of the two institutions of international maritime law - the exclusive economic and fishing zones. It is believed that the proclamation of fishing zones by States is contrary to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, which provides for the creation of only exclusive economic zones. The author refutes this thesis by referring to the modern practice of States. The article analyzes the concepts of exclusive economic and fishing zones, their historical development, legal nature and distinctive features, gives examples of treaties, national legislation, decisions of national courts, actual behavior of States justifying the existence of fishing zones along with the institutions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982. Based on the comparative legal analysis, the author formulates conclusions and proposals. In particular, it is proposed to recognize the existence of fishing zones in international law as a particular international legal custom.
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