Abstract
The physics behind nonlinear propagation of picosecond pulses in micro‐ and nano‐wire single mode waveguides either grown by chemical vapor deposition or etched into semiconductor microresonators are reviewed. If operated in the strong coupling regime exciton‐polaritons form in those wires and a highly nonlinear platform is established interfacing optical, condensed matter, quantum, and statistical physics. A theory of the exciton‐polariton pulse compression, pulse breaking, and emission of the backward Cherenkov radiation have been developed. This highly nonlinear dynamics is associated with the relaxation of the exciton‐polariton spectrum down to low momenta, mediated solely by the exciton–exciton scattering. Such nonlinearity‐enhanced thermalization results in a phase transition from propagating exciton‐polariton pulses toward the formation of a non‐equilibrium polariton condensate in the microwire system.
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