Abstract

The excited state absorption (ESA) spectra of ZBLAN glass activated by trivalent holmiumions have been measured in a wide spectral range (550–1750 nm) and simulated using suchtheoretical tools as the Judd–Ofelt formalism and McCumber theory of stimulated emission.We also propose a systematic approach for prediction of various types of up-conversionmechanisms in a given type of material. Experimental results on ESA up-conversion processes inZBLAN:Ho3+ under red and infrared laser excitation, which confirm theoretical analysis, arepresented. The optical linewidths were studied using high resolution laser spectroscopyat low temperatures and the existence of different crystallographic sites forHo3+ ions was revealed.

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