Abstract
In Chap. 2, the region of interest is a waveguide or cavity between the Earth’s surface and an isotropic homogeneous ionosphere. Both the dipole source and the observation point are assumed to be located on or near the spherical surface of the Earth. The approximated formulas are obtained for the electromagnetic field radiated by a vertical electric dipole and vertical magnetic dipole in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide or cavity. Based on the above results, the approximate formulas are derived readily for the electromagnetic field of a horizontal electric dipole in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide or cavity by using a reciprocity theorem. It is noted that the new approximated algorithm was addressed specially for the whole ELF range as well as the lower end of SLF range (below 50 Hz).
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
