Abstract
目的 探讨不同血液成分换血在新生儿ABO溶血病中的临床疗效.方法 将符合换血指征的ABO溶血病患儿41例分为两组,24例为对照组,用O型红细胞悬液+AB型血浆换血;17例为观察组,用浓缩洗涤O型红细胞+AB型血浆换血.观察两组患儿换血前后血清总胆红素、白蛋白、血常规的变化及住院天数、换血后需要蓝光治疗的时间、需要再次输血或换血的情况.结果 两组患儿换血后血清总胆红素和白蛋白均明显下降(P＜0.001).对照组患儿换血后均有不同程度贫血,需要输血的患儿达18例,占75%,观察组无一例需要输血;对照组中有5例需要再次换血,占21%,观察组无一例需再次换血.对照组患儿换血后Hb和红细胞压积(HCT)明显低于换血前(P＜0.001,P＜0.05).观察组患儿换血后Hb和HCT明显高于换血前(P＜0.001),且明显高于对照组(P＜0.001).观察组患儿总住院天数和换血后需要光疗的时间明显短于对照组(P＜0.01);观察组患儿换血后精神反应明显好于对照组,恢复进食时间明显早于对照组.结论 采用浓缩洗涤O型红细胞+AB型血浆的混合血进行换血,可防止换血后贫血,减少继续溶血的机会,缩短换血后需要蓝光治疗的时间和总住院天数,值得推广应用。
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