Abstract
The objective was to describe the maternofetal outcome of childbirth in women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study over a period of 03 months in the Obstetrics Department of Laquintinie Hospital in Douala (HLD). Our study population consisted of any pregnant in labor or waiting for a caesarean section. We compared two groups of pregnant women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy (exposed) and those without excessive weight gain during pregnancy (unexposed). We recorded 240 pregnant women who gave birth at the HLD maternity, 59 of whom had excessive weight gain during pregnancy, which gave us a proportion of 24.6%. The only sociodemographic characteristic associated with excessive weight gain during pregnancy was the married marital status of the pregnant women (OR: 2.0 (1.1 - 3.8) P = 0.023). Pregnant women with maternal complications associated with excessive weight gain had an average elevated uterine height of 35.4 (P = 0.007). The increase in caesarean section rate (P = 0.094) and the onset of pregnancy-related hypertension (HTA) showed differences close to significance (P = 0.063). Mean birth weight was higher (P = 0.023) in pregnant women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Ultimately, excessive weight gain during pregnancy has deleterious effects on the course of pregnancy and childbirth. It promotes the onset of pregnancy HTA and macrosomia.
Highlights
Pregnancy is the essential and natural process by which the survival of a species is ensured
We found 282 pregnant women in labor, after looking for exclusion criteria 240 were selected, 59 with excessive weight gain, a prevalence of 24.6% (N = 240) (Table 1)
Sociodemographic data: Sociodemographic variables analyzed, as shown in Table 3, only married marital status was a factor in excess weight gain in pregnancy (OR = 2.0, CI: 1.1 - 3.8, P = 0.026)
Summary
Pregnancy is the essential and natural process by which the survival of a species is ensured. In 1990 and 2009, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) proposed recommendations for optimal weight gain during pregnancy [4]. They are conditioned by the starting weight, with a minimum weight gain of 7 kg and a maximum weight gain of 18 kgs [5] [6]. In the city of Douala there are no data on excessive weight gain in pregnancy and its consequences It is with the aim of sensitizing the pregnant women and to prevent the possible consequences related to this phenomenon we proposed ourselves to realize this study in a hospital structure with large affluence: the hospital Laquintinie of Douala (HLD)
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