Excess weight and factors associated in preschool of southwest of Bahia

Andressa Tavares Gomes,Michele Pereira Netto,Flávio Diniz Capanema,Joel Alves Lamounier,Karine Chagas Silveira,Daniela Da Silva Rocha,Taiane Gonçalves Novaes,Cláudio Lima Souza

doi:10.1590/1806-93042017000200009

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: this study aimed to evaluate the environmental factors associated with excess weight in preschool children. Methods: a cross-sectional study involving 664 full-time preschoolers enrolled in public childcare centers in Vitória da Conquista (BA). The excess weight status has been defined according to the BMI/Age index and score Z above +2. The independent variables were grouped into maternal characteristics, socioeconomic, related to children and child care. We conducted multiple logistic regression to assess the association between excess weight and the variables studied. Results: a prevalence of excess weight was 5.7 %; 3.9% were overweight and 1.8% were obese. The factors associated with excess weight in children were cesarean delivery (OR: 2.59; IC95%: 1.11; 6.01); being singletons (OR: 3.32; IC95%: 1.44; 7.67); and exclusive breastfeeding of less than 4 months (OR: 2.59; IC95%: 1.12; 5.99). Conclusions: the results show that interventions to reduce and/or prevent excess weight should begin prenatally, with promotion of exclusive breastfeeding and natural birth, as well as nutritional advice for mothers with singletons.

Highlights

In the last decades, significant changes occurred in the nutritional children panorama, characterized by the increase of Excess Weight (EW), a disorder which includes overweight and obesity.[1]In 20 years, (1990 to 2010) the prevalance of overweight in preschool children went from 4.2% for 6.7%, which represents a relative increase of 60%.1 the childrens EW has been showing epidemic proportion, affecting families who have low-income.[2]
Whereas children in the northeast region of the country are exposed to the risk factors for EW, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with EW in preschool children enrolled in public day care centers
The results of the present study show an association between the type of delivery and childhood EW, wich children born by cesarean delivery presented 2.59 times (IC95%: 1.11; 6.01) more chances than children born to vaginal delivery

Summary

Introduction

Significant changes occurred in the nutritional children panorama, characterized by the increase of Excess Weight (EW), a disorder which includes overweight and obesity.[1]In 20 years, (1990 to 2010) the prevalance of overweight in preschool children went from 4.2% for 6.7%, which represents a relative increase of 60%.1 the childrens EW has been showing epidemic proportion, affecting families who have low-income.[2]. Significant changes occurred in the nutritional children panorama, characterized by the increase of Excess Weight (EW), a disorder which includes overweight and obesity.[1]. In 20 years, (1990 to 2010) the prevalance of overweight in preschool children went from 4.2% for 6.7%, which represents a relative increase of 60%.1. The childrens EW has been showing epidemic proportion, affecting families who have low-income.[2] In regard of preschool obesity, it is estimated a prevalence of 9.1% for 2020.2 In Brazil, this panororama is not different, for the prevalence of EW in children increased 160% in 17 years, reaching the Northeast region of this country (20.6% for each year).[3]. Several studies showed that children who have EW evolve with the same nutritional disorder in adulthood and has a high risk to develop cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus.[3,4]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion