Excess molar volumes and dynamic viscosities for binary mixtures of toluene + n-alkanes (C 5–C 10) at T = 298.15 K – Comparison with Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory

Abstract

Densities ρ, dynamic viscosities η, for binary mixtures of toluene with some n-alkanes, namely, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, and n-decane have been measured over the complete composition range. Excess molar volumes V E, viscosity deviations Δ η, and excess Gibbs free energy of activation Δ G ∗E, were calculated there from and were correlated by Redlich–Kister type function in terms of mole fractions. For mixtures of toluene with n-pentane and n-hexane the V E is negative and for the remaining systems is positive. The Δ η values are negative for all the studied mixtures. The Δ G ∗E values shows the positive values for the binary mixtures with n-decane, whereas the negative values have been observed for all the remaining binary mixtures. From the results, the excess thermal expansivities at constant pressure α E, is also estimated. The Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory and its applicability in predicting V E is tested. The results obtained for viscosity of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg and Nissan, Tamura and Kurata, Hind et al., Katti and Chaudhri, McAllister, Heric, Kendall, and Monroe. The experimental on the constituted binaries are analyzed to discus the nature and strength of intermolecular interactions in these mixtures.