Abstract
형사소송법이 추구하는 목적은 절대적 진실을 밝혀내는 것이 아니라 형사절차의 단계별로 절차적 적법성을 지켜서 최종심에 도달하는 것이다. 그리고 이러한 과정에서 직접심리주의와 공판중심주의는 실체적 진실 발견에 이르기 위한 가장 효과적인 수단으로 작용한다. 피의자는 분명 혐의가 있을 것이고, 수사기관은 피의자가 혐의가 있다고 생각할 수 있겠지만, 그것이 실체적 진실은 아니다. 다시 말하면 혐의를 받고 있는 것이 곧 실체적 진실은 아니라는 것이다. 생각건대 실체적 진실이란 발견하는 것이 아니라 절차를 지켜가며 도달하는 지점이다. 따라서 위수증 영역에서 실체적 진실을 언급하는 것이 적절해 보이지 않는다. 위수증 영역은 실체적 진실을 들여오지 말라는 영역이기 때문이다. ‘중간에 법관이 영장발부하고 여러 단계 건너가면 인과관계가 희석(제1 절차 위법이 희석)된다’는 말은 좋은 관점이기는 하지만, 그렇다고 실체적 진실과의 조화를 위해서 위수증 예외를 인정하는 것은 아닐 것이다. 실체적 진실 발견과 조화를 이루기 위한 목적만으로 이러한 것들을 허용할 수는 없다. 따라서 실체적 진실과의 조화라는 말이 혹시 ‘유죄’를 위한 것은 아닌지 고민해 보아야 할 것이다. 본고에서는 최근 대법원 판례에서 쟁점이 된 공판중심주의와 실체적 진실의 대립된 관점을 전문증거 등과 연계하여 평석해 보았다.What is the discovery of the substantial truth? The actual truth is where the judge of the final trial reached in accordance with the procedural legitimacy. The purpose of the Criminal Procedure Act is not to reveal the absolute truth that only God knows, but the conclusion of the final trial reached by keeping the procedural legality at each stage of the criminal procedure. As the supplementary opinion points out, the ideology of trial-centeredness and the discovery of substantial truth should be regarded as mutually complementary, not as confrontational, or as having superior values to either. In other words, trial-centeredness are the most effective means of reaching the discovery of substantial truths. The suspect might be guilty, and the investigative agency may think the suspect is guilty, but that is not the substantial truth. It is not the substantial truth that is being accused. The substantial truth is not the point of discovery, but the point of reaching by following the procedure. Therefore, it is strange to tell the substantial truth in the area of the evidence of illegal collection. This is because the area of the law on the exclusion of illegal collection and collection is an area where the truth matter should not be brought in. While it is a good word to say that if a judge issues a warrant in the middle and crosses the steps, the causal relationship is diluted (dilution of the first procedural behaviors), it does not recognize the exception to perjury for the sake of harmony with the substantial truth. It is absurd to say that these are allowed in order to harmonize with the discovery of substantial truth. Isn t the word harmony with the substantial truth”-anyhow- for making “being guilty”? In this paper, the opposing views of trial-centeredness and substantial truths, which have been at issue in recent Supreme Court cases, were analyzed in conjunction with the right to refuse testimony.
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