Abstract
Nonlinear optics evolved gradually after the invention of laser technology and the widespread application of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Herein, using the liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) technique, 2D Group-ⅤB vanadium (V) was effectively exfoliated (with a thickness of 5.94–6.45 nm). Under excitation of the picosecond laser, the open aperture (OA) Z-scan technique was used to examine the nonlinear absorption properties of 2D V nanosheets (NSs) at the wavelengths of 355, 532, and 1064 nm. According to the results, the 2D V NSs exhibit outstanding optical limiting (OL) behavior at 355 nm with a larger two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficient (2.41 ± 0.03 cm GW−1), low OL excitation threshold (0.71 ± 0.03 GW cm−2), and high TPA cross section (3.81 ± 0.51 × 10−45 cm4 s). That means V is expected to be used as an OL material in the ultraviolet (UV) band for such applications as laser protection, human eye protection, making optical filters, etc. Our study provides a new pathway for the use of vanadium in optics and broadens the scope of knowledge for people about transition metal elements.
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