Abstract
The energy-storage performance of stable NaNbO3-based antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics was for the first time reported in (0.94-x)NaNbO3-0.06BaZrO3-xCaZrO3 lead-free ceramics. A gradual evolution from an instable AFE phase (x≤0.01) to an orthorhombic AFE P phase (Pbma) (0.01<x≤0.05) was found to accompany the appearance of repeatable double-like polarization versus electric field loops although poled samples (x<0.01) own an AFE monoclinic phase (P21). Interestingly, compared with x≤0.01 samples with instable antiferroelectricity, a relatively high recoverable energy storage density Wrec ˜ 1.59 J/cm3 (@ 0.1 Hz) and a storage efficiency η of ˜30% were achieved in the x = 0.04 ceramic. Moreover, a high Wrec of > 1.16 J/cm3 and an outstanding charge-discharge performance with fast discharge rate (t0.9 < 100 ns) were generated in the temperature range from room temperature to 180 °C in the x = 0.04 ceramic. These results suggest that NaNbO3-based AFE P-phase ceramics could be new potential dielectric materials for high-energy storage capacitors.
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