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Abstract
Many of the problems associated with alcohol occur after a single drinking event (e.g. drink driving, assault). These acute alcohol problems have a huge global impact and account for a large percentage of unintentional and intentional injuries in the world. Nonetheless, alcohol research and preventive interventions rarely focus on drinking at the event-level since drinking events are complex, dynamic, and methodologically challenging to observe. This exploratory study provides an example of how event-level data may be collected, analyzed, and interpreted. The drinking behavior of twenty undergraduate students enrolled at a large Midwestern public university was observed during a single bar crawl event that is organized by students annually. Alcohol use was monitored with transdermal alcohol devices coupled with ecological momentary assessments and geospatial data. “Small N, Big Data” studies have the potential to advance health behavior theory and to guide real-time interventions. However, such studies generate large amounts of within subject data that can be challenging to analyze and present. This study examined how to visually display event-level data and also explored the relationship between some basic indicators and alcohol consumption.
Highlights
A fundamental fact underlying epidemiological indicators of drinking behavior and related problems is that all patterns and problems reflect either a single drinking event or an aggregate of drinking events
This study was a prospective, repeated measures investigation of within-night drinking during one bar crawl event that occurs yearly near graduation at a large Midwestern state university in the U.S This study included retrospective surveys of past drinking behavior and prospective examinations of a drinking event including real-time alcohol monitoring coupled with geospatial data
Seventy percent (14) identified themselves as White while the remaining 30 percent identified themselves as Asian
Summary
A fundamental fact underlying epidemiological indicators of drinking behavior and related problems is that all patterns and problems reflect either a single drinking event or an aggregate of drinking events. Acute alcohol problems have a huge global impact [1]; for instance, approximately 25% of all unintentional, and 10% of intentional injuries in the world can be attributed to drinking events. Alcohol-related violence, and alcohol poisoning all occur at the event level. Alcohol research and tests of preventive interventions at the event level comprise a relatively small niche in the literature [2]. As noted by Clapp et al [3], approaches to studying drinking events have advanced little over the past thirty years. The social ecology of drinking events is complex and dynamic [3 4 5]. Systems dynamics models [4 5] based on field data have illustrated biological factors,
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