Examining the Progression in Happiness Research: A Comprehensive Review of Theoretical and Empirical Discoveries

Abstract

Extensive research has been conducted on the complex and multidimensional nature of happiness across various fields of study, employing different theoretical and empirical approaches. This comprehensive review aims to integrate findings on the definition and measurement of happiness, focusing on hedonic subjective experience versus eudaimonic self-actualization, as well as global versus domain-specific assessments. In this review, influential theories are explored, including set point genetics, adaptation contrast, positive emotions, motivation needs, goal self-concordance, homeostasis regulation capabilities opportunity and social connection. Additionally, discussed are individual predictors such as personality traits (e.g., extraversion and neuroticism), a wide range of emotions from joy to sadness, values related to self-transcendence versus self-enhancement religious faith and spirituality beliefs family dynamics social relationships income health environmental factors cultural dimensions reflecting individualism-collectivism masculinity-femininity. The implications for policy practice education are also addressed in this discussion. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating indicators that measure well-being into policies practices educational systems implementing interventions aimed at fostering positive experiences integrating happiness-related content into curricula. Future research could involve the creation of more refined and reliable measures, carrying out thorough comparative experiments on various theories, analyzing complex relationships between multiple predictors, developing participatory applications that are customized for specific local contexts, and conducting comprehensive assessments to determine the impacts and outcomes of interventions. By adopting an interdisciplinary and culturally sensitive approach based on evidence, we can continue to advance the field of happiness science and promote greater human well-being.