Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of introducing waste materials sourced from factories in Kuwait as partial replacements of conventional concrete materials. Rejected ceramic products and unused electric-arc furnace slag were treated and partially replaced portions of coarse and fine aggregates, and the possibility of partially replacing cement was also examined. Initial results showed that all aggregate sizes can be replaced with either of the waste materials without compromising the concrete’s rheological properties or compressive strength. Additionally, pulverized ceramic powder was shown to improve the compressive strength of mortar cube samples. Finally, the two waste materials were combined in hybrid mixes that aimed to have the highest utilization of waste materials while maintaining (if not improving) the properties of a previously established benchmark self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mix. The results of this study show that waste materials sourced from landfills in Kuwait can be repurposed to replace portions of conventional construction materials in a self-consolidating, high-performance concrete mix with significantly better mechanical properties and higher compressive strength than that shown by a benchmark mix.
Highlights
As overall consideration for the environment gains traction in Kuwait, attention is being turned to some local factories that generate large amounts of waste
The structural steel plants in Kuwait produce electric-arc furnace slag (EAFS) as opposed to blast furnace slag (BFS); this by-product is made by reducing iron ore and recycling waste steel in electric-arc furnaces, which are the standard across the country
Seeing as the effects of introducing each of the additives to either conventional or high-performance concrete mix has already been documented, the aim of this study is to examine the viability of partially replacing conventional concrete materials with locally-sourced EAFS and repurposed ceramic products in a self-consolidating, high-performance concrete mix, and how it would affect its properties
Summary
As overall consideration for the environment gains traction in Kuwait, attention is being turned to some local factories that generate large amounts of waste. The structural steel plants in Kuwait produce electric-arc furnace slag (EAFS) as opposed to blast furnace slag (BFS); this by-product is made by reducing iron ore and recycling waste steel in electric-arc furnaces, which are the standard across the country. The generated EAFS is discarded as it has no use in Kuwait, but it is known to be durable in its use as an aggregate in the production of pavements [3], which is due to the fact that it is harder and approximately 20% to 25% denser than BFS [4]. The introduction of ceramic waste products to replace coarse and fine aggregates has been shown to improve the rheological and hardened properties of a standard
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