Abstract
The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) is used to examine students’ study approaches in higher education. The questionnaire assumes to measure two factors: a deep and a surface study approach. Analyses into the validity and reliability of the original English R-SPQ-2F yielded positive results. In this study, we examined the degree to which these positive results can also be found for the Dutch version that we developed. By comparing our results with the results of earlier studies in different cultures, we conclude cross-cultural sensitivity is an important point to be borne in mind when using the R-SPQ-2F. Our research supports the validity and reliability of our Dutch version of the R-SPQ-2F.
Highlights
The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ2F) [1] has frequently been used to examine the study approaches of students in higher education in different countries and subject areas
The fit indices for this two-factor model are given in Table 1, from which it can be seen that this model does not fit the data well (GFI = 0.86, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) = 0.82, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.80, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.09, parsimony goodness-of-fit index (PGFI) = 0.69, parsimony comparative fit index (PCFI) = 0.71, Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC) = 2845.39, Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) = 3074.49, number of residuals .2.58:71 out of 210)
Given that our data did not show a good fit with the two-factor model, we carried out a maximum likelihood factor analysis (FA) with oblique rotation
Summary
The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ2F) [1] has frequently been used to examine the study approaches of students in higher education in different countries and subject areas. Immekus and Imbrie concluded that their findings suggested the R-SPQ-2F-structure being cross-culturally sensitive, the emergence of Deep and Surface factors across culture groups seems to be supported [7].
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