Examining Sanctions on Syria: Possibilities for Effectiveness Based on a Spatial Model

Bader Mustafa

doi:10.33642/ijbass.v7n1p6

Abstract

Sanctions are one of the most important tools used in foreign policy after World War II. Moreover, sanctions” subject is keeping to be a controversial one, even though the international institutions and powerful states are using sanctions since the beginning of the 20th century. However, the scientific and political community could not reach a clear-cut stand on sanctions” effectiveness. This ambiguity happens for many reasons: the humanitarian consequence of sanctions, the possibilities of achieving their goals, and the political disagreement between great powers like the use of the VETO right in the Security Council. Regarding Syria as the government and entities connected to it, are facing intensive sanctions starting from 2011 especially from the European Union, and the United States of America. Nevertheless, those sanctions were not the first case that Syria is facing sanctions in its history. Therefor his paper would investigate the cases of sanctions that been imposed on Syria, from 1979, until 2011 and after, according to (the spatial model conclusions, which suggests three directions for the result of sanctions; first sanctions success possibility unilaterally or multilaterally is high, if the sanctioned system is democratic and has a strong relationship with the sender. The second is; sanctions may have a positive result in changing an authoritarian regime if the nature of the sanctions were not fatal to the existence of the regime. The third is that sanctions on authoritarian regimes would fail if they target its existence and would result in overthrowing it.

Highlights

The issue of sanctions is a controversial one, even collective sanctions were imposed on Syria, after being though the use of sanctions as a tool of foreign policy goes accused of attempting to explode “Israeli El Al 016 flight.”
The start of the Syrian crisis in 2011, pushed Syria to started to be discussed as a mean of establishing prominent face more extensive sanctions from the U.S, and EU, which are peace and preventing wars, the beginning was with the League continuing until now, and increasing rapidly and reached more of Nations, but the experience of the institution was not so than 1200 sanction cases
Greece did not agree on sanctioning Syria, year, and on 11 September 2001 attack took place, again Syria the measures included the ban on arms sales, stopping high- was a target of the US, criticim for its role in Lebanon, and level political visits, and reviewing the status of Syrian during U.S preparations for the war against Iraq

Summary

Introduction

The issue of sanctions is a controversial one, even collective sanctions were imposed on Syria, after being though the use of sanctions as a tool of foreign policy goes accused of attempting to explode “Israeli El Al 016 flight.”. And internationally Colonel Muammar Gadhafi and a result of positive changes in Libyan policies, most of the from the first years of his rule showed support to Palestinian sanctions on Libya was removed, and a cooperation period resistance groups, and some other violent groups around the governed the relationship between Libya and the western world, Libya engaged in many international countries from 2001 until 2010.

Results

Conclusion