Examining Post-Cold War Geopolitical Transformations in Central and Eastern Europe: The Baltic States’ Path to EU and NATO Membership and the Evolving Dynamics of Relations with Russia

Abstract

This article provides a detailed exploration of the geopolitical transformations in the Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—following the Cold War, focusing on their journey towards the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) membership, and the evolving dynamics of their relations with Russia. It examines the historical backdrop of their accession, the processes involved, and the impacts on these states, including their interactions with Russia from initial tensions to diplomatic engagements. This study underscores the significance of EU and NATO integration for regional stability and delves into the complexities of the Baltic states’ post-Cold War relations with Russia, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by these states in establishing their independence and security in the contemporary geopolitical landscape.